PROCEDUR TEXT

A procedur text is designed to describe how something is achieved throught a sequence of action or steps. It explains how people perform different processes in asequence of steps. This text uses the simple present tense often the imperative sentences.

Usually procedur text use the temperal conjungtion such as :

# aim/goal

- purpose from the text so want to find from this activity and explain in this steps.

# materials.

- materials for to use it is activity can to find ( not required for all procedur texts has

this step ).

# steps

- statement from this activity, however, there is a procedur text that only consist of

goal and followed by some steps.

Example :

Generic structur Materials Steps

How to serve a cup of nice tea Ingredients : -         green tea -         sugar -         milk or lemon directions : -         put on tea bag in a cup -         add bailing water -         leaves to infuse 2 to 3 minutes -         add sugar, milk or lemon to taste. A cup of nice tea is ready to be served.

GIVING INSTRUCTION

Giving instructions is competence for to do command or request from one people to other people.

The difference between requests and instictions.

Instructions (also called imperatives).

Instruction require the person receiving them to do something , or to do stop doing it. Instructions are directly addressed to the person who has to do them. Therefore, instruction are one of the few types of English sentences that do not need a subject. The subject is usually “you” (understood). If there is any doubt who should do the intruction, the “naming” from – the vocative i used.

Requests.

Requests are often questions, though indirect requestsmay not be. Sometime an intruction is changed into a request by the addition of “please” or a question tqg. To make a requet more polite we might use the subjunctuve from of the verb. Very often English requests are indirect. Instead of aking someone to do something, the speaker asks if the person is able to do it. Therefore modals of ability (“can”, “may” etc) are very often used.

Giving intruction divisible consist instruct that is :

1. Order
2. Prohibition

1. ORDER (verb 1 + object)

-Close the door, please !

-Speak loudly, pleae !

-Read this magazine !

-Clean the window please !

-Be careful

-Be strong

EXAMPLE :

Kira : Mitha, come here please..

Mitha : OK..what’ up ?

Kira : help me please move the  book….

Mitha  : sure……

1. PROHIBITION (don’t + V1 + object )

-Don’t come here !

-Don’t peak with me !

-Don’t make a noise !

-Don’t do the exam now !

-Don’t walk here !

EXAMPLE :

Rizka : All my friend our teacher willn’t teacher us this day…

Student : Hore………..

Rizka : but we don’t make a noise…

Student : OK….

SIMPATHY EXPRESSION

Sympathy expression is an expreion or feeling of pity and sorrow when we know and see someone or people are unlucky or have trouble and in bad condition.

How can we give sympathy expression to someone ?

We express it directly to him/her orally or we canuseua letter or card by post also by short message servise (SMS), e-mail, television, radioand newspaper if he/she who got the trouble is far from us.

Formal expressions of sympathy :

• I’m sorry to hear that
• I hope you will be payient and fearless
• Oh, how awful
• How pity you are
• I’m extremely sorry to hear that
• What a terrible situation
• I’d like to express my deepet condolences.

Informal expressions of sympathy are :

• Oh, that’s bad luck                             -I sympathy with you
• How terrible/anful for you !                -You must be very upset !
• Oh, what a shame                               -I’m awfully sorry about……
• I’m very sad to hear that                    -Oh, dear

We will give the sympathy expressions to afriend or family who has experienced a death personal loss, or other misfortune or peraps this peron was recently divorcedor ha been injured in a accident.

EXAMPLE :

Monika : Sandra, my car is desappeared yesterday.

I’m very sad now…!

Sandra : oh….I’m extremelly orry to haer that. And I ope you wil be patient and fearless………..

GAINING ATTENTION

Gaining attention gaining attention is a way expression that is spken so that other people will pay their attention to what we want to.

Usually gaining attention use in order our friends that speak with we, attention to u. Gaining attention usually use simple present tense.

• Attention, please
• May I have your attention, please ?
• Excuse me, look here !
• Istening to me, please
• Waiter ?
• I’m sorry, but….

• Wow really ?

• • It’s amazing
  • Is (he/she) ?
  • Oh poor creature ?
  • What a poor girl she is !
  • Why not ?
  • What about her step-mother
  • How lucky he is
  • Well, go on
  • What happened then ?

To respons the expressions :

• I’m listening
• I’m ready to hear now
• Let’s hear it together
• Let’s pay attention anouncement

EXAMPLE :

Amel : Listen to me, please

Olla : Yes, what happen Mel ?

I’m ready to hear now ?

Amel : I saw Rudi take your money in your bag !

Olla : oh……my god ?

Incredible….!

Happines expressions

Happines expressions is the expressions thst we to show it we happy and pleasure. Thepurpose is to show if we happy about something.

To expressing the happines we can how by

“ the word,gestures or facial”

These are some expressing of happines :

• I’m very plased with it price                    -Hore !
• I’m very really delighted                          -Thanks God !
• I’m so glad to hear that                           -Yes !
• I’m very happy                                        -I’m happy !
• Smassing                                                 -Terrific !
• I can’t say how please did it                     -Fantastic !
• Great                                                      -Exciting !
• It’s so beautifully                                    -Super !

These are some expressing of happines with gestures or facial :

• Laugh
• Smile

What do you say if you friend fell happy :

• Congratulation
• Happy birthday
• Happy anniversary

The example of happines expressions !

Hally : I’m very happy,I have a girl friend now !

Hiyakutake : Oo…..really ?

Congratulation Hally….

Appointment

Appointment is the wy of when went go or come to do omething place with invite omeone or more to meet with u and declare an greement to do something.

The expressions of appointment are :

• Do you want go with me this morning to…?
• I want to make an appointment  to see…
• I’d like to make an appointment with….
• We meet at….
• Wait me….please at…

The expressions if we accepting an appointment :

• All right, see you there…
• No problem,I’m free on…
• Be there on time…

• It’s OK !

• I’ll wait you….
• It’s a deal…

The expressions if we canceling an appontment :

• I’m sorry. I’m very busy…
• I’m terribly sorry I have….
• I’m afraid I have to potpone my appointment with …… tommorow morning

Rina : feby,we meet at big round tomorrow for jogging ?

Feby : it’s OK….I’ll wait you in big round….

Alan : ayie,can you go with me to the birthday party  my friend this

evening ?

Ayie : all right,see you there alan…!

Canceling an appointment

Ani : hello dad,

Can you go with me to the my birthday party in palapa cafe,this

evening ?

Her father : hello,Ani now dady very busy.

I’m sorry ? but happy birthday…..

Ani : OK dady,,thanks……

making an appointment

• I’d like to make an appointment with…….
• I want to make an appointment to see…..
• I’d like to make an appointment to see…..
• I’d like you to come and see me….
• Can I come and see you ?

Changing an appointment

• What about …
• Is that O.K if we meet at….
• Do you have another time this afternoon ?
• Could we change the day (time) of the meeting ?
• Would you mind if we change the day (time)of the meeting ?

INVITATION

Invitation is the way to invite or to ask someone for go or come to the something place. Invitation competence include wit methodes extending,accepting,decline,and invitation.

1.The expressions to invite omeone are :

• I would like you to
• We would be pleaed if you could
• Would you like….?
• Shall me….?
• How about…..?
• How would you like to?
• Let’s….?
• Why don’t we…..?

2.The expression to accept an invitation are :

• Thank you yes,I would like to
• Yes I would thanks
• That would be very nice. Thank you!
• All right!
• O.K !

3.The expressions to refuse/decline an invitation are :

• I would love to,but………
• That’s nice/great unfortunately/however……
• That very kind of you but…….
• Sorry,that wouldn’t be possible. Thanks…….

Example of invitation :

Conversation Hally with Gress

(the expresions to accept on invitation)

Hally : it’ lovely day….. isn’t it ?

Gress : yes,it is ? so what ?

Hally : will you accompany with me to go swimming ?

Gress : that’s all right !

(the expresions torefur an invitation)

Hally : will you go to the movie with me tonight ?

Gress : I’d love to but i don’t think I can.

There’s o much homeworks to

Dear Hally….

Hi,,I want to invitation your for come in my birthday party at :

Date : sunday, 31 august 2009

Place : panglima batur street

No.02

Time : 07:00 pm

I want you presence in my birtday party….OK

Love Gress

RECOUNT TEXT

Announcement is something said, written, or printed to make know that has happened or (more often) what will happen.

In writting an announcement, keep the following pants the title/type or event, date/time, and contact person.

We can fine the announcement an television, radio, news paper, wall magazine in school etc…

Structure Announcement

The tittle (type of event)

-Date/time (when that event happen)

-Place (where that event will happen)

-Contact person (who we can get information for that event)

Tenses in announcement

-Preent perfect tense

-Preent future tense

EXAMPLE 1 :

ANNOUNCEMENT

This Thursday, 17th of August 2009 is the Independence Day.

Don’t mis the Independence Day festival ! The vestival begins at 08:00 in every district in Palangka Raya City. Gather in front our school at 07:30 to see the parade with the princial. Don’t mis it ! And join many contests at school. Free registration, full of prizes !

EXAMPLE 2

ANNOUNCEMENT

Commite school trip to Golden Sands Beach on 28th July, the school will hold a school trip to Golden Sands Beach !

Time     : 07:30 A.M

Place     : Golden Sands Beach

Program : Volly Ball & Basket Ball

Fee       : Rp.50.000

Contact : -Andy (081250891145)

-Prisa (081250894512)

NARATIVE TEXT

Narative text indude in a reding text. Narative text is a text that purpose to entertain. Stimulate emotion, motive guide, and tesch like myths and legends, shart stories are narratives because the concered with talking about theevents other example of narrative text (writing are novels, cartoon strips and picture books).

GENERIC STRUCTUR

structure	function
orientation	It sets the cene and introduces the participants (it anwer the question = who,when,what, were)
evaluation	A tepping back to avalvate the plight (the information about the nemetor’ point of view)
complication	A criss or a problem aries. It usually involves the main characters.
resolution	A solution to the problem ( for better or for worse), Main characters find way to olve the problem.
Re-orientation	The end of story.

 

Language feature :

# the use of direct and indirect speech

# the use of pronoun

# the use of past tense (why have to pat tense) because narrative text is

    a narrative text in the past time.

# the use of noun phrases

# the use of adjectives

Myth	Legend	Falktale	Falklore
A traditional story which may describe the origins of the world. A place and/or of a people. It is considered true scared stories in the remote past.	A true story primarily about human heroes in the recent past and may features some religious reperences.	A story wich is regarded as fiction it can be  a nonsconed fictional storythat occurs “once upon a time” and features human and non characters.	A collection of fictional tales about people and/or animals it includes myths and tales.

preface

 

• The firs, I say thanks a lot of for my God because finally we can do this “primbon” on time and success enough.
• The second I amnot forgeting thanks too for my parents and my God teacher “Mr.Erwanto” for your help me and your spirit.
• The last thanks for my Friends,,I MISS Y       U but I ALSO L      VE YOU ALL…..

I hope from this primbon we can learn about all topics for discuss in this   semester with good.Amien….

I alwaysopened my self for accep your ugestion and advice for to make this “primbon” more good from before.